Sunday, December 5, 2021

Accidentally Creative

DFT 7036 leads 934 Dunedin - Middleton Freight our of Herbert. 2/12/21.
 

While heading back to Oamaru I managed grab a quick and dirty shot of DFT 7036 leading 934 Dunedin - Middleton freight out of Herbert at the Irvine Road railway crossing.

In my rush I went to change the settings on my camera from auto to sports mode and instead ended up with creative but overall it didn't turn out to bad.

And that's about it. 

Tuesday, October 26, 2021

Oamaru Fuel Depots

An excellent Whites Aviation photo of the fuel depots and goods yard at Oamaru taken in 1956. National Library of New Zealand. https://natlib.govt.nz/ 

The township of Oamaru has always been a service town. From its earliest days to the present it has provided goods and services to farmers along the coast and inland up the Waitaki Valley. It also had good road, rail and sea transport links that were used to carry the vast amounts of wool, grain and meat produced in the district.

Petrol and other fuels were originally shipped in drums and tins but as the demand for petrol increased in the 1920's and 1930's oil companies began to develop bulk fuel distribution systems for their products. Petrol, Kerosene and other petroleum based products were imported into New Zealand by ship and stored in large fuel storage tanks at the major ports. It was then transported to smaller fuel depots around the country by coastal shipping, road or by rail. The fuel was then distributed to local outlets by truck. 

Like many other service towns in New Zealand, Oamaru had a number of small fuel depots. Three fuels depots were located at Friendly Bay in Oamaru Harbour. Operated by The Shell Company of New Zealand Ltd, Vacuum Oil Coy Pty Ltd (Mobil) and Caltex Oil N.Z. Ltd these depots were used to store and distribute fuel, oils and other petroleum based products across the Waitaki.

Oamaru Harbour in 1936. The relatively new fuel depots can just be seen in the middle of the photo. Whites Aviation - National Library of New Zealand. https://natlib.govt.nz/

A close up from the previous photo showing the Shell, Mobil  and Caltex fuel depots.

For the first few decades fuel and petroleum products were transported to the fuel depots by rail before being distributed by road. 

In 1953 Shell New Zealand completed construction of the large bulk fuel tanks at their depot and in December of that year their coastal oil tanker M.S. Tanea began calling at Oamaru Harbour. Fuel and petroleum products were unloaded at Holmes Wharf and transferred by pipeline to their tanks. 

Shell New Zealands Coastal Tanker M.S. Tanea. Photo from Helderline.com.

M.S. Tanea was a regular visitor over its eleven years of service with Shell in New Zealand. With the opening of Marsden Point oil refinery in 1964, new oil tankers were introduced on New Zealand's shipping routes. Unfortunately these new tankers were too large for Oamaru Harbour. M.S. Tanea continued calling at Oamaru until 1965 when Holmes Wharf was upgraded and the pipeline used to transfer fuel from the wharf to the Shell depot was removed.

For fuel transported by rail the fuel depots were served by a single dead end private siding that was located between the western boundary of the fuel depots and Oamaru goods yard. The siding was accessed from a set of points at the south end of the goods siding.

Section of 1971 Map of Oamaru showing the location of the fuel depots and siding. Lands and Survey Department - National Library of New Zealand. https://natlib.govt.nz/

A 1959 New Zealand Railways drawing showing the private siding for Caltex. Archives New Zealand - Dunedin Office.

A 1976 New Zealand Railways drawing of the new goods shed and yard alterations. The drawing shows the layout of the fuel depot siding. Archives New Zealand - Dunedin Office.

During my research I was only able to find documentation to show that Shell and Caltex used the fuel siding but couldn't determine if Mobil also used the siding.

Each of the fuel depots consisted of a variety of tanks and buildings for the storage of fuel and other petroleum products in bulk and in barrels and tins.  

An excursion train hauled by a small steam shunter D16 from the Waitaki Farmers Freezing Works at Pukeuri passes the fuel siding at the goods yard at Oamaru. Unknown date and photographer.

Shell had two large bulk fuel tanks at their site while Caltex had two smaller sized bulk fuel tanks. Documents from the archives show that Caltex unloaded tank wagons at their depot and later requested permission to install a raised platform to assist staff in unloading tank wagons.  

A 1965 letter from Caltex Oil (N.Z.) Ltd to the New Zealand Railways requesting approval to erect a raised walkway at their siding. Archives New Zealand - Dunedin Office.

In early 1981 New Zealand Railways approached Caltex and Shell asking if they wished to renew their private siding rights. Both Caltex and Shell declined to renew with Caltex also advising they would be closing their Oamaru Fuel Depot later in the year. After the siding rights expired on the 31st of May 1981 the private siding was closed.

Of the three fuel depots originally at Friendly Bay only one remains. McKeown Group is a fuel and chemical distribution business that operates from the former Shell and Mobil depot sites. The former Caltex site is now a camping ground.

While some of the area where the fuel siding was located has been redeveloped as a fuel stop there are still some interesting industrial and rail archeology to see.

Oamaru Steam and Rail's preserved railway line to Oamaru Harbour crossing Waterfront Road. The remains of the old connection leading to the goods yard and the siding for the fuel depots can still be seen in the road. 20/10/2021. 

The location of the private siding at the western side of the fuel depots. 20/10/2021.

The rear of the former Shell Fuel Depot at Oamaru Harbour. 20/10/2021.

Old pipe work still in the ground at the location of the bulk fuel tanks at the former Shell depot. 20/10/2021.

I have really enjoyed researching this part of Oamaru's industrial history. A big thank you to the staff at Archives New Zealand's Dunedin Office for dragging out old, dusty New Zealand Railways files, the Ministry of Culture and Heritage's New Zealand History website nzhistory.govt.nz and Gavin McLean for his excellent book Kiwitown's Port - The Story of Oamaru Harbour.

And that's about it. 



Friday, August 20, 2021

Lock Down Layout - Part 1 The Plan

With our sudden move to Alert Level 4 lock down and the opportunity to 'work' from home I thought now might be a good time to build a small lockdown micro layout. 

Since all my loco's are DCC I was going to put together a short programming track but why not make it into a proper layout. I've never built a layout to the scenicing stage. This will give me a great opportunity to practice all the different facets of model railways - bench work, track laying, DCC wiring, structure building and scenicing. Also by finishing a micro layout my wife will stop accusing me of buying stuff and not finishing anything.

The only downside is that I can only use what I have in the shed. 

A short internet search found a great plan that would work well as a micro layout, The track plan is Peco's Setrack OO Plan 30 - Locotec and Dewsbury Cement Terminal.


This plan is pretty simple and with a main and a single point leading to a siding. The original plan depicts a cement plant on the right hand side which can be shunted using both sidings and a goods shed on the right hand side that would receive wagons carrying machinery and other materials. At 122cm by 30cm (4' x 1') this is a good little layout that could be built fairly quickly.


I didn't have to look to far to find a Victorian prototype that would work with this plan. During my trip to Melbourne in 2016 I visited the Allied Flour Mill siding at Kensington. This is one of the last examples of broad gauge trains serving a Melbourne industry. 

I found some photos that I took on my visit in 2016 showing the mill. 



Unfortunately when I visited there was no train in the siding. So I had to search online to find these great photos of Kensington on the Wongm's Rail Gallery website. This is great resource of photos from around Melbourne and Victoria. You can find the Wongm's Rail Gallery website here.




The siding has a simple unloading operation. A loaded grain train arrives and starts to unload the first two wagons using an under track auger. When the first two wagons are unloaded the locomotive pulls the train forward positioning the second two loaded wagons over the auger. As these wagons start to unload the locomotive and first two now empty wagons cut off the train and move up the back shunt clear of the points. The points are set for the other siding and the loco pushes the two wagons back. The loco then cuts off the empty wagons and returns up the back shunt. The points are reset and the loco moves back onto the train. The train is again pulled forward with the third two wagons positioned above the auger for unloading. The loco and the second two now empty wagons are cut off before moving up the backshunt. This shunting sequence continues until all the wagons have been unloaded. 

A youtube video of the Kensington grain train shunting the flour mill siding can be found here

So the plan I have is something like this...


The layout differs from the siding at Kensington because it has a right hand point and not a left hand one. This is because I can only find a spare right hand point.. If I can find a left hand point I will use that to match the real thing.

And that's about it.


Sunday, August 1, 2021

The slightly delayed June Magazine Wrap Up

 


Like all railfans and railway modellers I'm an avid railway magazine collector. I've got who knows how many plastic boxes full of railway magazines.

Two magazines I've purchased over the last few months were the latest issues of the The Linesider and the NZ Model Railway Journal.



The Linesider 

First up is the Winter Quarter - June 2021 issue of The Linesider. As you can tell by the photo my copy already has some wear from being read cover to cover a few times. 

The Linesider has more than adequately filled the gap created when New Zealand Railfan ceased publication last year. While similar to NZ Railfan The Linesider is more of a pictorial magazine.

The June 2021 issue is the fourth issue since the magazine first entered book and hobby shops in 2020. Like the last three issues this magazine contains a range of articles and photos to keep any person with an interest in New Zealand's railways happily turning the pages.

This issue has a short article / pictorial about the recent heritage Great Southern Train Tour, an article about the last train to Tahakopa on the Catlins River Branch in 1971, an article and pictorial on the rebuild of the DB class diesel locomotives into the DBR class, an article on the recording of steam locomotive sounds, an excellent pictorial on New Zealand trains in winter landscapes, a good railfan story on capturing the last week of widespread use of diesel locomotive hauled and diesel multiple unit suburban passenger trains around the Auckland passenger network and the standard railfan news update.

As a fan of New Zealand railways in the 1980's the DB / DBR article and pictorial was my favourite in this issue. The highlight being the very good photos from well known railway photographer Dave Simpson. 

This is a high quality magazine which the Linesider team should be justifiably proud of. The magazine contains a large number of good quality photos and the articles are well written. As good as anything I have seen internationally.



NZ Model Railway Journal

The second magazine is the June 2021 issue of the NZ Model Railway Journal. This is the 414th issue of the magazine of the New Zealand Model Railway Guild.

As its name suggests this magazine looks at all things related to the modelling of New Zealand's railways. 

In this issue there is an article on the building of New Zealand general store, building an NZ120 (1:120) scale DXC locomotive in five (!) days, building a 1940's Chevrolet pick up and truck in 1:64 S scale, NZ Finescales wonderful new 'Addington' passenger carriage kit, a comprehensive article on NZR's 4-8-2 J class steam locomotives and building the JG Models legendary J class kit, another comprehensive article on the NZR 1897-1905 30 foot brake vans and an article on the recently released kit of these vans in 1:64 scale. The magazine ends with reports from the 9mm scene in New Zealand and the Christchurch NZR modellers' group, trade news and upcoming events.

Like The Linesider this is a high quality magazine and compares favourably with the more well known international railway modelling magazines.

Overall two great additions to my magazine collections.

And that's about it.

Tuesday, July 27, 2021

My name is Southern Rails and I'm a railfan.

 

DXB 5108 and DC 4323 lead Train 934 Dunedin - Middleton Freight north on the main at Merton. 24/07/21.

Last Saturday I decided to chase train 934 as it made its way north from Dunedin towards Christchurch. At this time of year the sun sits pretty low in the sky making photographing trains difficult but it would be a good way to kill a few hours and an opportunity to get a good coffee. The best photo I got was at Merton with the sun almost directly on the nose of DXB 5108 as it rounded the curve at Merton with 934. 

After happily clicking away at Merton I decided to head north to Tumai to catch 934 as it crested the Tumai bank and rounded the curve before heading beneath the overbridge. As I got near the Tumai turnoff I could see a car and two railfans, cameras at the ready at the spot I was going to stop at. I quickly decided to continue heading north to Palmerston. Unfortunately the sun was still too low so 934 was covered in shadows as it passed through Palmerston.

With my chase now a bust I started heading home and that's when I got to thinking. Why didn't I just turnoff at Tumai and park up next to the other railfans? I'm sure they got some great photos from a tried and true railfanning spot, a photo I'd now missed. 

Why is it the majority of railfans don't advertise the fact we take photos of trains, we model trains, we read about trains and watch videos of trains. Are we embarrassed? Worried about what others think? Is being a railfan not socially acceptable? Or is it just me? Do other people happily share what their hobby is with others?

When I look back on the Timaru model train show, the hall was packed with people of all ages. While most of them were families I would say a large number were 'train geeks' as my kids would say.

Something to ponder the next time I'm out railfanning.

And that's about it. 



Saturday, July 24, 2021

Model Railway Show: Alpine Energy Model Railway Expo, Timaru

The OO9 Scale Saxford Light Railway.

Last Saturday I managed to get to Timaru to visit the Alpine Energy Railway Expo. The show was held at Roncalli College Gymnasium. 

This was my first time going to this show and it was definitely worth the drive. There were 18 layouts on show with a mix of N, American and European HO, OO9, OO, G, large scale and even a huge Tomy Trains layout. All the layouts were great and built to a high standard.

The freelance scale HO scale Zealandia. This layout is based on a riverport in New Zealand and is set in the 1950's. 

This show is also a fundraiser for Hospice South Canterbury and last year raised $2500 for the hospice. A great effort by the organisers.

A train on the Christchurch Garden Railway Group's G scale floor layout.

Montigy is an HO scale French layout that is operated using digital control via a tablet.

040 Trains and Models from Ashburton and Toot Toot Trains from Invercargill had stalls at the show and looked to be doing some good business. You can find the websites for 040 trains here and for Toot Toot hereGood work to Toot Toot for making the long trek up from Invercargill. 

There were also some second hand stalls with model trains of varying quality, scales and eras for sale.

Train shows are one of the main ways we expose people to our awesome hobby. While there is a market for second hand trains I don't think having a table laden down with poor quality, old and crusty trains is the image we as a hobby are trying to portray. Imagine how disappointed you would be if you were new to the hobby and bought a loco, a few wagons, some track and an old controller and on getting home find they don't work or run poorly. On the other hand getting a loco, laying some track, hooking up a controller and running a train for the first time can be a fantastic feeling. Either way these stalls were very busy with model railroaders selling their unwanted items and others picking up some bargains. 

The OO scale River Valley railway.

Above and below: The HO scale Warnerville & Derrick Town layout. This layout is based in the 1950's and is divided into two scenes including a film set and an oil town.


The Marklin Modular Digital Group's German themed HO scale layout. I especially liked the smoke effects from some of the steam locomotives.

The HO scale Parklands County American diesel era layout.

The large Tomy Trains Galore layout. This brought back some great memories of playing trains with my son when he was a toddler. This layout would've chewed through a huge amount of AA batteries over the weekend.

Above and below: The freelanced N scale Eweburn Central Railway.


My favourite layout of the show was the OO9 scale Saxford Light Railway, a narrow gauge layout set in the early preservation era. This is a neat little oval layout that is still under construction. I'm a bit biased because I do like narrow gauge layouts. What surprised me is the amount of locomotives and rolling stock on the layout that were purchased ready to run. I look forward to seeing the progress of this layout.


Above and below: The OO9 Scale Saxford Light Railway.

The only negative I had was the lack of eftpos at the door. Other than that this was a great show. The gymnasium was packed with visitors and all seemed to be enjoying themselves which is always a good sign. Actually there were so many visitors I wasn't able to get good photos of some of the layouts. There also seemed to be a good number of people spending money at the trade stands. 

A big shout out to the organisers and all the modellers and stall holders that attended. It can be a big ask to travel, set up the layouts and stalls and man these throughout the weekend but you all did a great job.

I will definitely be back next year.

And that's about it.

Monday, July 12, 2021

Clarks Mill

Maheno Valley Mills (Clarks Mill) 1880s. Culture Waitaki Online Collection

Clarks Flour Mill is located on State Highway One between Maheno and Reidston. I've driven past this place countless times but it wasn't until last week I decided to stop by and have a look around.

Clarks Mill. Date unknown. Hocken Library.

Wheat growing and flour milling was once a very important part of the North Otago economy. One of 13 flour mills in the district, the original mill was built 1866 to a Scottish design using locally sourced limestone. The mill was connected to the Main South Line with a siding in 1877.

Originally water was drawn from Mill Stream and diverted through a water race which drove a water wheel. The water wheel powered the British machinery and French millstones to produce the flour.

A display of Snow Wreath Flour at the Clarks Milling Stand at the Oamaru Expo. Unknown Date. Hocken Library.

From 1877 when the mill was connected the Main South Line a lot of traffic was generated from the mill which received local grain and dispatched flour. The mill was served by a siding that left the main line between the current State Highway One railway crossing and the Mill Creek railway bridge.

Signalling and Interlocking Arrangement Diagram for Maheno and Clarks Mill Siding. New Zealand Archives Dunedin Office.

I'm not sure how the siding was operated and whether New Zealand Railways locomotives worked the entire siding but for many years the siding was worked by a New Zealand Army surplus Bren Gun Carrier purchased by the mill after the second world war.


The Bren Gun Carrier at Clarks Mill. 1946. Culture Waitaki Online Collection.

My understanding is that the Bren gun carrier shunted the sidings and left wagons or picked up wagons on the siding directly beside the mainline and that NZR locomotives didn't actually fully work the sidings.

Clarks Mill outlasted most of the other flour mills in North Otago and closed in 1976.

So what's left at the Clarks Mill site today?

First I stopped at the railway level crossing on State Highway One just north of Maheno. The level crossing is just to the south of where the siding for the mill left the Main South Line. I remember reading somewhere that this level crossing is the only remaining level crossing on State Highway One that has no barrier arms but I'm not sure how accurate this is.

The State Highway One railway level crossing looking south towards Maheno. 09/07/21.

Looking north from the level crossing you can see a raised area to the right of the mainline where the siding started and where the siding descended on a right hand curve down towards the mill.

Site of the points off the main line leading to the mill siding. The siding split off the mainline and curved to the right towards the mill which can be seen in the middle right. Photo taken from the State Highway One level crossing. 09/07/21.

The entrance to the mill is well signposted and is on the right hand side of State Highway One as you head north from the level crossing.

Entrance to Clarks Mill off State Highway One.

The mill is looked after by Pouhere Taonga Heritage New Zealand and is a nationally recognised historic site. On my visit the mill was closed but you can still drive into the site and explore from the outside.

Leaving State Highway One the gravel road goes beneath the well known Mill Stream Bridge number 167.

Mill Stream Bridge. 09/07/21.

Bridge 167 Mill Stream Bridge Kiwirail Information Sign.

The first building you come to is the old weighbridge and cabin. The weighbridge consists of the weighbridge itself with a small timber and corrugated iron lean to cabin directly to the north. Unfortunately the cabin was locked so I wasn't able to get a good picture of the interior.

Clarks Mill weighbridge and cabin facing east. 09/07/21.

Clarks Mill weighbridge and cabin facing west with the Mill Stream railway bridge in the background. 09/07/21.

The rear of the Clarks Mill weighbridge and cabin facing east. 09/07/21.

Clarks Mill weighbridge facing west. You can see the old track alignment heading straight before curving up to the left towards the main line. 09/07/21.

Clarks Mill weighbridge facing east showing the old track alignment towards the mill. 09/07/21.

After having a good look around the weighbridge I made my way over to main mill area.

The mill area consists of three main buildings. A large corrugated iron store, the main milling building and a workers residence. 

The first one I had a look around was the large flour store. The store is now used by the North Otago Vintage Machinery Club. 

Clarks Mill Flour Store north side. 09/07/21.

Clarks Mill Flour Store north side. 09/07/21.

I don't know why but I'm always fascinated by large industrial buildings like this and this one has it all. Its a large corrugated iron store with a railway siding on the north side. Looking at the aerial photo near the top of this post shows a large store to the north of the railway siding. I'm not sure if the current building was the old one that was moved to the current position or if the old building was demolished and this one built to the south of the siding.

Detail shot of the Clarks Mill Flour Store north side. 09/07/21.

At the eastern end of the shed is three silos. All the associated augers and pipe work is now gone but some of it remains on the ground near the silos.

Clarks Mill Flour Store including the three silos on the eastern side. 09/07/21.

The railway siding alongside the Flour Store. 09/07/21.

Along the north side of the flour store is the railway siding. Its here that the remains of loop exist. The siding itself curves around the north side of the store allowing access to two sliding doors that allowed wagons to be loaded directly from the store.


Concrete work on the railway siding beside the silos at the eastern end of the flour store. 09/07/21.

Concrete work can be seen between the silos and the railway siding. I'm not sure what this concrete work was for but parts of an auger lay nearby that was possibly used to load grain into or unload grain from wagons.

The old mill building to the east of the flour store with the railway siding at the centre. 09/07/21.

To the east of the flour store is the old mill building. This building is a combination of a corrugated iron store and a four storey building built to a Scottish design using locally quarried lime stone.

The old mill building. 09/07/21.

Along the north side of the old mill building is a concrete water race where diverted water from Mill Stream was channeled to a large water wheel to drive the milling machinery and millstones. 

The concrete water race coming from Mill Stream. 09/07/21.

The water race leading to the mill. 09/07/21.

The timber water race along the north side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

A detail shot of the timber water race along the north side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

A detail shot of the timber water race along the north side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

A detail shot of the timber water race along the north side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

Returning to the south side of the building you can see the end of the railway siding which is alongside the south side of the mill building.

Western end of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

Southern side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

Southern side of the old mill building. 09/07/21.

The siding loop ends at the old mill building and the loop points and trackwork remain in place.

The eastern end of the siding loop. 09/07/21.

The siding loop point leading to the old mill and the end of the siding. 09/07/21.

A points lever has been placed beside the loop point but is not connected to the points. Looking at the photo of the Bren Gun Carrier earlier in this post it isn't the same one. While not the original lever for the siding it's still a good find with its cast lever weight having NZR 1882 on it.

The point lever for the loop points at the old mill. 09/07/21.

Just to the east of the points sits an old La class 4 wheel high side wagon. These wagons would have been a common sight on this siding loaded up with bagged grain. This wagon has been refurbished and has the number LA 1360 stenciled on the frame.

Four wheel high side wagon LA 1360 at Clarks Mill. 09/07/21.

Side on view of LA 1360. 09/07/21.

End view of LA 1360. 09/07/21.

Detail shot of the suspension, bearings and wheel on LA 1360. 09/07/21.

Just to the side of the wagon is a lean to shelter and a door where grain and flour was loaded into wagons. The lean to shelter is also where the siding ends. 

The lean to shelter and end of the siding at the old mill building. 09/07/21.

End of the line. The end of the siding beneath the lean to shelter. 09/07/21.

Off to the side of the old mill building is a weatherworn timber office and store. This building has seen better days.

Old office and store. 09/07/21.

Having to get back on the road I was able to have a quick look at the millers residence and cottage on the site. These buildings have been well looked after and provide some good examples of North Otago building construction when timber was in short supply but there was plenty of lime stone available. 

The millers residence and cottage. 09/07/21.

The mill is open for visitors between September and May on Thursdays 10:30am to 1pm and on Sundays 1pm to 3pm. Costs are $10 for adults, $5 for tertiary students and children are free. 

The mill machinery runs on the last Sunday of the month. The cost for adults increases to $15  when the machinery is operating. 

Well done to Pouhere Taonga Heritage New Zealand and the local volunteers that maintain this site and keep New Zealand's early industrial history alive for future generations. I for one will be back in the summer to see the mill in operation.

If you want to know more about Clarks Mill please visit the Pouhere Taonga Heritage New Zealand's Clark Mill page.

And that's about it.